Crack the Code: Understanding Healthcare Abbreviations

If you’ve ever read through a medical report, listened to a doctor explain an x-ray, or tried to follow exercise instructions from a physical therapist, then you’ve probably run into a jumble of abbreviations that seemed to resemble a secret code. Healthcare professionals often use shorthand to quickly communicate about health concerns, injuries, recommendations, and treatments – but they sometimes forget that most people aren’t familiar with their abbreviations, leaving patients with unanswered questions. In this blog, we’re breaking down some of the most common abbreviations related to physical therapy, so you can feel more informed, empowered, and involved in your care.

Distinctions

APN – advanced practice nurse

ATC – athletic trainer certified

CNA – certified nursing assistant

CSCS – certified strength and conditioning specialist

DC – doctor of chiropractic

DO – doctor of osteopathic medicine

DPT – doctor of physical therapy

ENT – ear, nose, and throat; otolaryngologist

GP – general practitioner

LPN – licensed practical nurse

MD – medical doctor

NP – nurse practitioner

OCS – orthopedic clinical specialist

OT – occupational therapy; occupational therapist

PA – physician assistant

PCES – pregnancy and postpartum corrective exercise specialist

PCP – primary care physician

PT – physical therapy; physical therapist

PTA – physical therapist assistant

RN – registered nurse

SLP – speech-language pathologist

Diagnoses

BPPV – benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

CVA – cerebral vascular accident; stroke

DDD – degenerative disc disease

DJD – degenerative joint disease

HTN – hypertension; high blood pressure

MI – myocardial infarction; heart attack

OA – osteoarthritis

THA – total hip arthroplasty; hip replacement

TKA – total knee arthroplasty; knee replacement

TMD – temporomandibular disorder

TSA – total shoulder arthroplasty; shoulder replacement

Vital Signs

BP – blood pressure

BPM – beats per minute

HR – heart rate

RR – respiratory rate

Physical Therapy

AAROM – active assisted range of motion

AD – assistive device

ADL – activity of daily living

AROM – active range of motion

BID – twice daily

BOS – base of support

C – with

DC – discharge

EMR – electronic medical record

FWB – full weight bearing

HEP – home exercise program

IADL – instrumental activity of daily living

IASTM – instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization

ICU – intensive care unit

KTC – knees to chest

LOB – loss of balance

MMT – manual muscle testing

NWB – non-weight bearing

OP – outpatient

ORIF – open reduction and internal fixation

OTC – over the counter

PMH – past medical history

POC – plan of care

PRN – as needed

PROM – passive range of motion

PRP – platelet rich plasma

Pt – patient

PWB – partial weight bearing

Rx - prescription

S – without

SNF – skilled nursing facility

TTWB – toe touch weight bearing

Tx - treatment

US – ultrasound

WBAT – weight bearing as tolerated

XFM – cross friction massage

Medical and therapy abbreviations may seem confusing at first, but understanding them can go a long way in helping you understand your care. The more you know, the more confident and empowered you’ll feel when navigating your health journey - whether you're reading a report, discussing a diagnosis, or following your home exercise program. And remember, if you're ever unsure about an abbreviation or medical term, don’t hesitate to ask. Clear communication is key to great care!

Need help from a physical therapist? Contact Indepth Physical Therapy today! We’re always here to help you feel informed, supported, and in control of your healing.